Cervicogenic headache is referred pain perceived in the head from a source in the neck and is one of the most common types of headache. Another common type is vascular (this includes migraines).

1. Neck disorder or lesion
2. Whiplash injury
3. Heavy lifting
4. Repetitive or prolonged activities such as prolonged slouching
5. Poor posture
6. Lifting or carrying (especially in poor posture)
7. Excessive bending or twisting of the neck
8. Working at a computer
9. Activities using the arms in front of the body (e.g. housework).
10. Inappropriate desk setup
11. Inappropriate pillow or sleeping postures
12. Dehydration
13. A lifestyle comprising excessive slouching, bending forwards or shoulders forwards activities.

1. Gradual onset of neck pain and difficulty to turning the neck
2. Headache during the causative activity
3. Stiffness in neck muscles and upper back muscles
4. Cervicogenic headache usually presents as a constant dull ache, normally situated at the back of the head, although sometimes behind the eyes or temple region, and less commonly, on top of the head, forehead or ear region. Pain is usually felt on one side, but occasionally, both sides of the head and face may be affected
5. Numbness is felt in the upper back
6. Dizziness
7. Nausea
8. Tinnitus
9. Decreased concentration
10. An inability to function normally
11. Depression
12. Tenderness in neck muscles
13. Muscle tightness
14. Muscle imbalances
15. Muscle weakness

1. X-ray
2. MRI
3. CT scan

1. Joint mobilization
2. Joint manipulation
3. Traction
4. Soft tissue massage
5. Dry needling
6. Electrotherapy (e.g. ultrasound)
7. Postural taping
8. Postural bracing
9. The use of a lumbar roll for sitting
10. Postural re-education
11. Anti-inflammatory advice
12. Activity modification advice
13. The use of an appropriate pillow for sleeping
14. Ergonomic advice
15. Exercises to improve flexibility, strength (particularly the deep cervical flexors) and posture